In the 20th century, Hindustani classical music has become popular across the world through the influence of artistes like Ravi Shankar, Ali Akbar Khan and many others. Around 1900, Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande consolidated the musical structures of Hindustani classical music into a number of thaats. After the 16th century, the singing styles diversified into different gharanas patronized in different princely courts. Noted composers such as Tansen flourished, along with religious groups like the Vaishnavites. In medieval times, many of the melodic systems were fused with ideas from Persian music, particularly through the influence of sufi composers like Amir Khusro, and later in the Moghul courts. These principles were refined in the Natyashastra by Bharata (2nd-3d c. sāma=ritual chant), which deals with the norms for chanting of srutis or hymns such as the Rig Veda. The tradition dates back to the ancient Samaveda, (lit. The central notions in both these systems is that of a melodic mode or raga, sung to a rhythmic cycle or tala. An interesting aspect of Hindustani music going back to sufi times is the tradition of religious neutrality: Muslim ustads singing Hindu bhajans, or vice versa.Īround the 12th century, Hindustani classical music diverged from what eventually came to be identified as Carnatic classical music. It is traditional for performers who have reached a distinguished level of achievement to be awarded titles of respect Hindus are usually referred to as Pandit and Muslims as Ustad. The terms North Indian Classical Music or Shāstriya Sangeet are also occasionally used. The tradition was born out of a cultural synthesis from several musical streams: the vedic chant tradition dating back to approximately one thousand BCE, the equally ancient Persian tradition of Musiqi-e assil, and also existent folk traditions prevalent in the region. Originating in the Vedic period, it is a tradition that has been evolving from the 12th century AD, in what is now northern India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, and also Nepal and Afghanistan, and is today one of the two parts of Indian classical music, with the other one being Carnatic music, which represents the music of South India.Īll Pakistan Music Conference Coke Studio
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